![]() These two social classes differed widely throughout their lives and could cross their destinies rarely, one of them being war , the main obligation of the nobles and secondary of their vassals. The feudal system was practically immovable in terms of social classes , that is, the flow between peasants and noble aristocrats was very unlikely . The former were poor and in charge of agricultural work, and the latter were the owners of the land. The society was severely divided between peasants, nobles and clergy. This era was prodigal in wars , so the peasantry willingly agreed to belong to a fief in exchange for order and protection, even if it were despotic. In addition, the Church provided spiritual legitimacy to the crown, since the kings, elected between the aristocratic warrior caste and landowner, were considered placed on the throne by God. Such a state of shock and dissolution of the instituted powers allowed the decentralization of political power and the emergence of separate kingdoms.Įach of these kingdoms was divided in turn into fiefdoms led by the nobility: dukes, barons and other noble titles. However, all of them were morally and legally subject to the Catholic Church, responsible for maintaining social order through the indoctrination of the masses. The emergence of the feudal model is explained by the state of disorder and fragmentation of Europe after the fall of the Roman Empire in the fifth century. There was no type of currency or unified economic system in this model. On the other hand, cities were underdeveloped compared to the countryside. Meek . In them the peasantry carried out the production of their own goods and thus guaranteed subsistence.Stately or Sunday reservations . Its production was destined to pay tribute to the feudal lord.The fiefdoms were the minimum productive unit of the system (hence its name: feudal ). They were territorially divided into: In this relationship of exploitation of the peasantry by the aristocracy, however, there were no slavery laws , although the living conditions of the former could often resemble it. Instead, vassalage relations were established , which politically linked the peasant with the fief he inhabited. ![]() The peasants or servants paid their respective feudal lords a majority portion of what was produced from their work, in exchange for military security, order and jurisprudence . In addition, they obtained permission to inhabit tiny portions of land where their families settled. The feudal mode of production was essentially a model of agricultural exploitation . It was supported by a peasant mass responsible for the production of goods and governed by a feudal lord: a landowner who imposed their particular order, while exercising political and legal power, although the Church (the clergy) also intervened in the latter. Characteristics of the feudal mode of production.However, the landowners were also in a relationship of submission to a higher political power , which was the crown, which allowed the aristocrats political autonomy in their feudal territories, in exchange for loyalty in the military. In these societies, political power was decentralized and was exercised independently by the feudal lords: the aristocracy or nobility that conveyed power consanguineously, and which owned the arable land.Īccording to Karl Marx’s theorizations, feudalism historically precedes the capitalist mode of production. It consisted of an economic dynamic of submission and exploitation of the peasantry by the aristocracy and the landowners. In Marxist terminology , it is known as feudal mode of production (or in plain terms: feudalism ), the socio-economic organization that governed medieval society in the West and other regions of the world. We explain to you what the feudal mode of production is, how it emerged, its social classes and other characteristics. In addition, beginning of capitalism.
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